By Dr. George G.
This
study will examine Biblical terminology that pertains to the meaning, concept
and impact of the term “cursed thing.”
In addition, to better understand the terminology’s contextual applications,
this study will also examine related terms and concepts, as they appear in the
English and source languages Hebrew and Greek in the Bible.
Four
English concepts are considered as they are used in the KJV & NIV Bible
translation and in the original languages. The English terms are:
English
Terminology |
Occurrence |
Location in
the Bible (KJV & NIV) |
||
Cursed thing |
2
times in 2 verses |
Deut.
7:26; and 13:17 No
NIV reference to this term, instead NIV uses the term “detestable thing”
or “condemned things” correspondingly. |
||
Curse and
Cursed |
(KJV)
72 times in 68 verses. (NIV):
7 verses |
Gen.
3:14, 17; 4:11; 5:29: 9:25; 27:29; 49:7
Gen 27:29 Num 22:6; 3:8; 24:9 Mal 2:2 Gal. 3:10, 13. Num.
22:6; 23:8; 24:9 Deut.
27:15-26; 28:16-19 Josh
6:26; 9:23, 27 Judges
9:27; 21:18 I
Sam. 14:24, 28, 17:23; 26:19 II
Sam 16:5; 7, 13: 19:21 I
King 2:8, 24; 9:34 Neh.
13:25 Job
1:5; 3:1; 5:3; 24:18 Psalms
37:22; 119:22 Ecl.
7:22; Jer
11:3; 17:5; 20: 14, 15; 48:10 Mal
1:14; 2:2; 3:9; 25:41 Mat.
25:41 John
7:31 Gal
3:10; 3:13 2
Pet. 2:14 |
||
Accursed
thing |
9
times in 6 verses |
Joshua
6:18; 7:1, 11, 13, 15; and 22:20 No
NIV reference of this term, instead NIV uses the terms: Devoted things (Josh 6:18; 7:1, 11,
13, 15; 22;20); liable for destruction (Josh 6:18); |
||
Accursed |
(KJV)
8 times in 8 verses (NIV) 5 verses
|
Num 5:27 2 King 22:19; Isa.
65:20; Micah 6:10; 2 Peter 2:14 Joshua
6:17-18; 7:12 I
Chronicles 2:7 Isaiah
65:20 Romans
9:3 I
Corinthians 12:3 Gal. 1:8-9 |
||
Total |
91 English
terms |
|
1.0
The term “Curse” in Hebrew and Greek languages
The
English term “curse” appears as seven (7) Hebrew terms in the Old
Testament, and as three (3) Greek terms in New Testament. Strong’s lexicon
provides the following referenced definitions:
HEBREW TERM |
REF # |
DEFINITION |
BOOKS IN THE
BIBLE |
OCCURANCE in
the Bible |
arar |
779 |
'arar, aw-rar'; a prim. root; to execrate;-- X bitterly curse. |
Gen.; Num; Deut.; Josh;
Judges; I Sam., I King.; Ps. Jer.; Mal |
63 times in
52 verses |
qalal’ |
7043 |
qalal, kaw-lal'; a prim.
root; to be (caus. make) light, lit. (swift, small, sharp, etc.) or fig.
(easy, trifling, vile, etc.):--abate, make bright, bring into contempt, (ac-) |
Gen; Lev.; Num. Judges; I
Sam., 2 Sam.; I King,; Neh.; Job; Ps.; Ecl |
88 times in
80 verses |
‘barak’ |
1288 |
barak,
baw-rak';.a prim. root; to kneel; by impl. to bless Yahweh (as an act of
adoration), and (vice-versa) man (as a benefit); also (by euphemism) to curse
(Yahweh or the king, as treason):-- X abundantly, X altogether, X at all,
blaspheme, bless, congratulate, curse [* Job], X greatly, X indeed,
kneel (down), praise, salute, X still, thank |
Blessed – From Gen 1:22, 28; 2:3 to 2Chr 24:
6:4; then from 2Chr 9:8 to Neh 11:2; then Job 1:10:31:20; 42:12; Ps
5:12; 10:3; 16:7; 18:46 to 68:35; then from Ps 72:15; 89:52; 96:2; 100:2;
129:8 to Zec 11:5 Praised (NIV – blessed) – Ps 72:15 Kneel down: Gen 24: 11; 2 Chr 6:13; Ps 95:6 * Cursed (KJV & NIV)– Job 1:5; 1:11;
1:21; 2:5; 2:9 Abundantly bless (NIV – abundant provisions) – Ps
132:15 In the NT, the name
of geographical location Barak – Hebrews
11:32 |
325 times in 289 verses with other meanings. * Note that both KJV and NIV contain only
five (5) passages in the book of Job where the Hebrew term “barak” is
translated as an antonym – i.e., “curse”. But in each case, the term “barak”
could have been translated as: “blessed” (or its variant) or “not bless” to
improve the meaning. |
naqab |
5344 |
naqab,
naw-kab'; a prim. root; to puncture, lit. (to perforate, with more or less
violence) or fig. (to specify, designate, libel):--appoint (Gen.30:28 –set
wages), blaspheme (Lev 24:11, 16), bore, expressed (1:17); curse (Num. 23:8)
“ How shall I curse,[naqab] whom Yahweh hath not cursed [qabab]?
or how shall I defy, whom Yahweh hath not” |
Curse – Num 23:8; Job 3: 8; 5:3; Prov
11:26; 24:24 Appoint/Named –( NIV “name – verb”) – Gen 30:28;
Amos 6:1 Blasphemed – Lev 24:11, 16 Expressed (NIV “designated”) 1:17; 1 Chr 12:31; 16:41; 2 Chr. 28:15;
31:19 Bore – 2 King 12:9; Job 41:2 Pierce/Stike – 2 Kings 18:21; Job 40:24; Isa
36:6; Hab 3:14 Hole – Hag 1:6 |
22 times in
21 verses |
qabab |
6895 |
qabab,
kaw-bab'; a prim. root; to scoop out, i.e. (fig.) to malign or execrate (i.e.
stab with words):-- X at all, curse. |
Curse (KJV & NIV) - Numbers 22:11, 17; 23:
8, 11, 13, 25, 27; 24:10 |
8 times in 8
verses |
cherem |
2764 |
cherem,
khay'-rem; or (Zech. 14 : 11) cherem,
kheh'-rem; from H2763; phys. (as shutting in) a net (either lit. or fig.);
usually a doomed object; abstr. Extermination: --(ac-) curse (-d, -d thing),
dedicated thing, things which should have been utterly destroyed, (appointed
to) utter destruction, devoted (thing), net. |
Devoted - Lev 27:21, 28, 29; Num 18:14 Curse (KJV) or
Destruction (NIV) Deut 7:26,
13:17; Josh 6:17; I Sam 15:21; Isa 34:5; 34:28; Mal 4:6 Accursed (NIV-devoted
or destruction)
Josh 6:18; Josh
7:1, 11-15; 22:20; I King 20:42; I Chr. 2:7; Appointed/
Destruction - I King 20:42; Zech 14:11 Nets (NIV: traps,
nets) – Eccl 7:26; Ezek
26:5, 14; 32:3; Ezek 47:10;Micah 7:2; Hab 1:15-17 Dedicated –Ezek 44:29 |
39 times in
31 verses |
charam |
2763 |
charam,
khaw-ram'; a prim. root; to seclude; spec. (by a ban) to devote to relig.
uses (espec. destruction); phys. and reflex. to be blunt as to the
nose:--make accursed, consecrate, (utterly) destroy, devote, forfeit, have a
flat nose, utterly (slay, make away) |
Destroyed – Ex 22:20; Num 21:2-3; Deut 2:34;
3:6; 7:2; 13:15; 20:17; Josh 2:10; 6:21; 8:26; 10:1; 10:28, 35-40; 11:11-12,
20-21; Judges 1:17; 21:11; 1 Sam 15:3, 8-9; 15:15-20; I Kings 9:21; 19:11: 2
Chr 34:13: Isa11:15; 34:2; 37:11; Jer 25:9; 50::21,26; 51:3 Make away (NIV - destroy) – Dan 11:44 Flat…nose (NIV – disfigured) – Lev 21:18
Devotes – Lev 27:28-29 Accursed (NIV destroyed) – Josh 6:18 Slay – 2 Chr 20:23 Forfeited – Ezra 10:8 Consecrate (NIV – devote) Micah 4:13. |
51 times in
48 verses |
|
|
|
Total |
220 |
GREEK TERM |
REF # |
DEFINITION |
BOOKS IN THE
BIBLE |
OCCURANCE in
the Bible |
kataraomai |
2672 |
kat-ar-ah'-om-ahee; mid.
from G2671; to execrate; by anal. to doom:--curse. – [similar to the Hebrew
“barak”] |
Matthew 5:44; 25:41 Mark 11:21 Luke 6:28 Rom 12:14 James 3:9 |
6
times in 6 verses |
epikataratos |
1944 |
ep-ee-kat-ar'-at-os; from
G1909 and a der. of G2672; imprecated, i.e. execrable:--accursed |
John 7:49 Galatians 3:10 ** see
quotation below), 3:13 |
3 times in 3 verses |
katara |
2671 |
katara, kat-ar'-ah; from G2596 (intens.) and G685; imprecation, execration:--curse (-d, -ing). |
Gal 3:10 “ For as many
as are of the works of the law are under the curse:[katara] for
it is written, Cursed [epikataratos] is every one that
continueth not in all things which are written in the book of the law to do
them”. Gal 3:13 Hebrew 6:8 James 3:10 2 Peter 2:14 |
6 times in 5 verses. |
|
|
|
Total |
15 |
2.0 “Cursed thing”
The
term "thing" is not in the
original Hebrew language.
As
we’ve seen above the Hebrew term for cursed
‘thing’ (H2764) is "cherem" is used 39 times in
the Bible, and this term is not uniformly translated as “cursed
thing”. The Hebrew term “cherem” is also translated into English as: devoted,
accursed, accursed thing, destruction, and nets.
Lev 27:21 - But the field, when it goeth out in
the jubilee, shall be holy unto Yahweh, as a field devoted; the possession thereof shall be the priest's.
Lev 27:28 - 28 Notwithstanding
no devoted thing, that a man shall devote
unto Yahweh of all that he hath, both of man and beast, and of the field of
his possession, shall be sold or redeemed: every devoted thing is most holy unto Yahweh. 29 None devoted,
which shall be devoted of men, shall
be redeemed; but shall surely be put to death.
Lev 27:29 - 29
None devoted, which shall be devoted [2763. charam, (used 51 times in
48 verses) khaw-ram'; a prim. root; to seclude; spec. (by a ban) to devote to
relig. uses (espec. destruction); phys. and reflex. to be blunt as to the
nose:--make] of men, shall be redeemed; but shall surely be put to death.
Num 18:14 - 14
Everything devoted in Israel
shall be thine.
Deu 7:26 - 26 Neither shalt thou bring an abomination into
thine house, lest thou be a cursed thing
like it: but thou shalt utterly detest it, and thou shalt utterly abhor it; for
it is a cursed thing.
Deu 13:17 - 17
And there shall cleave nought of the cursed thing to thine hand: that Yahweh may turn from the
fierceness of his anger, and show thee mercy, and have compassion upon thee,
and multiply thee, as he hath sworn unto thy fathers; 18 When thou shalt hearken
to the voice of Dabar Yahweh thy Powerful One, to keep all his commandments which I command
thee this day, to do that which is right in the eyes of Yahweh thy Powerful One.
Josh 6:17 -18: - 17
And the city shall be accursed, even
it, and all that are therein, to Yahweh: only Rahab the harlot shall live,
she and all that are with her in the house, because she hid the messengers that
we sent.
18 And ye, in any wise keep yourselves from the
accursed thing, lest ye make yourselves
accursed, when ye take of the accursed thing, and make the camp of Israel a
curse, and trouble it.
Josh 7:1 - 7:1 But the children of Israel committed a
trespass in the accursed thing: for
Achan, the son of Carmi, the son of Zabdi, the son of Zerah, of the tribe of
Judah, took of the accursed thing:
and the anger of Yahweh was kindled against the children of Israel.
Josh 7:11-15 - 11
Israel hath sinned, and they have also transgressed my covenant which I
commanded them: for they have even taken of the accursed thing, and have also stolen, and dissembled also, and they
have put it even among their own stuff.
12 Therefore the children of Israel could not
stand before their enemies, but turned their backs before their enemies,
because they were accursed: neither
will I be with you any more, except ye destroy the accursed from among you.
13 Up, sanctify the people, and say, Sanctify
yourselves against tomorrow: for thus saith Dabar Yahweh of Israel, There is an
accursed thing in the midst of thee,
O Israel: thou canst not stand before thine enemies, until ye take away the accursed thing from among you.
14 In the morning therefore ye shall be brought
according to your tribes: and it shall be, that the tribe which Yahweh taketh
shall come according to the families thereof; and the family which Yahweh
shall take shall come by households; and the household which Yahweh shall
take shall come man by man.
15 And it shall be, that he that is taken with
the accursed thing shall be burnt
with fire, he and all that he hath: because he hath transgressed the covenant
of Yahweh, and because he hath wrought folly in Israel.
Josh 22:20 - 20
Did not Achan the son of Zerah commit a trespass in the accursed thing, and wrath fell on all
the congregation of Israel? and that man perished not alone in his iniquity.
1 Sam 15:21 - 21
But the people took of the spoil, sheep and oxen, the chief of the
things which should have been utterly destroyed,
to sacrifice unto Yahweh thy Powerful One in Gilgal.
I Kings 20:42 - 42
And he said unto him, Thus saith Yahweh, Because thou hast let go out
of thy hand a man whom I appointed
to utter destruction, therefore thy
life shall go for his life, and thy people for his people.
I Chr 2:7 - 7
And the sons of Carmi; Achar, the troubler of Israel, who transgressed
in the thing accursed.
Eccl 7:26 - 26 And I find more bitter than death the
woman, whose heart is snares and nets,
and her hands as bands: whoso pleaseth Yahweh shall escape from her; but the
sinner shall be taken by her.
Isa 34:5 - 5
For my sword shall be bathed in heaven: behold, it shall come down upon
Idumea, and upon the people of my curse,
to judgment.
Isa 43:28 - 28 Therefore I have profaned the princes of the
sanctuary, and have given Jacob to the curse,
and Israel to reproaches.
Ezek 26:5 - 5
It shall be a place for the spreading of nets in the midst of the sea: for I have spoken it, saith Yahweh thy Powerful One: and it shall become a spoil to the nations.
6
And her daughters which are in the field shall be slain by the sword;
and they shall know that I am Yahweh.
7
For thus saith Dabar Yahweh; Behold, I will bring upon Tyrus
Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon, a king of kings, from the north, with horses,
and with chariots, and with
Ezek 26:14 - 14
And I will make thee like the top of a rock: thou shalt be a place to
spread nets upon; thou shalt be
built no more: for I Yahweh have spoken it, saith Dabar Yahweh.
Ezek 32:3 - 3
Thus saith Dabar Yahweh; I will therefore spread out my net over thee
with a company of many people; and they shall bring thee up in my net.
Ezek 44:29 - 29
They shall eat the meat offering, and the sin offering, and the trespass
offering: and every dedicated thing in
Israel shall be theirs.
Ezek 47:10 - 10
And it shall come to pass, that the fishers shall stand upon it from
Engedi even unto Eneglaim; they shall be a place to spread forth nets; their fish shall be according to
their kinds, as the fish of the great sea, exceeding many.
Micah 7:2 - 2 The good man is perished out of the earth:
and there is none upright among men: they all lie in wait for blood; they hunt
every man his brother with a net.
3
That they may do evil with both hands earnestly, the prince asketh, and
the judge asketh for a reward; and the great man, he uttereth his mischievous
desire: so they wrap it up.
Hab 1:15 - 15 They take up all of them with the angle,
they catch them in their net, and
gather them in their drag: therefore they rejoice and are glad.
16
Therefore they sacrifice unto their net, and burn incense unto their
drag; because by them their portion is fat, and their meat plenteous.
Hab 1:16-17 - 16
Therefore they sacrifice unto their net,
and burn incense unto their drag; because by them their portion is fat, and
their meat plenteous. 17 Shall they therefore empty their net, and not spare continually to slay
the nations?
Zec. 14:11- 11 And men shall
dwell in it, and there shall be no more utter destruction; but Jerusalem shall be safely inhabited.
Mal 4:6 - 6 And he shall turn the heart of the
fathers to the children, and the heart of the children to their fathers, lest I
come and smite the earth with a curse.
3.
CONCLUSION
It
is Deuteronomy 7:25ff that provides a concrete, yet partial definition of the
term “cursed thing”:
25
The graven images of their dieties shall ye burn with fire: thou
shalt not desire the silver or gold that is on them, nor take it unto thee,
lest thou be snared therein: for it is an abomination to Yahweh thy Powerful One.
26 Neither shalt thou bring an abomination
into thine house, lest thou be a cursed thing like it: but thou shalt
utterly detest it, and thou shalt utterly abhor it; for it is a cursed thing.”
Joshua 7:21 provides some
details of an event that describes related utensils of the “cursed thing” –
“21 When I saw among the spoils a goodly Babylon’s
garment, and two hundred shekels of silver, and a wedge
of gold of fifty shekels weight, then I coveted them, and took them; and,
behold, they are hid in the earth in the midst of my tent, and the silver under
it.”
Without
a doubt these utensils were related to the idol worship rituals. A further
analysis of the term “wedge” reveals additional valuable information. “Wedge”
(lashown:H3956 - lashown, law-shone'; or
lashon, law-shone'; also (in plur.) fem. leshonah lesh-o-naw'; from H3960; the tongue (of man or animals),
used lit. (as the instrument of licking, eating, or speech), and fig. (speech,
an ingot, a fork of flame, a cove of water):-- + babbler, bay, + evil speaker,
language, talker, tongue, wedge.”
This term wedge is used 116 times in
114 verses in the OT – e.g., Gen 10:5, 20; 31; Ex 4:10; 11:7; Deut 28:49; Josh
10:21; Judge 7:5; 2 Sam 23:2; Neh 13:34; Est. 1:22. These passages refer to
tongues of nations, languages, and speech. In Josh 15:2-5; 18:19 – it refers to
a bay of water. The overwhelming number
of the 116 occurrences of the word refers to: language, tongue, and speech.
David shows in Psalm 52:2 to what extent
the tongue can bring damage, mischief and malice “2 Thy tongue deviseth mischiefs; like a sharp
razor, working deceitfully. 3 Thou
lovest evil more than good; and lying rather than to speak righteousness.
Selah. 4 Thou lovest all devouring
words, O thou deceitful tongue. 5 Yahweh
shall likewise destroy thee for ever, he shall take thee away, and pluck thee
out of thy dwelling place, and root thee out of the land of the living. Selah.”
The “wedge” (of gold of fifty shekel
weight) was the “Bible” of Babylon – a primitive Talmud, with incantations,
chants, words of wisdom, rituals, practices, imaginative activities,
procedures, management design and practice, psychology, priestly development
and authority and wisdom.
It should be remembered that many of the
Babylonian practices involved temples where idolatry, phallic worship,
homosexual priestly activities, child sacrifice, usury banking (see the large
amount of shekels, Babylonian garments) had been practiced.
The cursed thing is therefore the
Babylonian phallic idolatry system and focus, which affects all areas of
private, social, economic and political life (the “net”) and
stands on the road to total destruction since it stands in direct opposition to
the Kingdom of Yahweh. What the Bible clearly shows is that the true
Covenant people are the representatives of the Kingdom of Yahweh upon the Earth
and have a specific mission as representatives, kings and priests in this
mission. Those of the Covenant people who compromise on this mission,
inevitably side and promote(directly or indirectly) the Kingdom of Babylon –
the “cursed thing.” Today Babylon is extensively represented in all spheres.
The Judeo-Christian Church has been diluted and today promotes the Babylonian
objectives and the curses that are destined for ultimate self-destruction.
The Covenant people of Yahshua's Kingdom
recognize the evils of the “cursed thing”, its “nets” and provide the only
saintly alternative to the Babylonian pagan insanity, which is doomed for
immanent destruction.